Measuring the permeability of border sections involves looking simultaneously at demand for, and supply of, cross-border public transport services (CBPT). CBPT supply is defined by the number of services, as displayed in the web viewer (Link) and measures CBPT service availability. The demand side is measured by population density and development. Demand for CBPT services may be high if:
- population density is high on both sides of the border, e.g. in agglomeration areas or twin cities;
- population density is very unbalanced, e.g. in the case of agglomerations on one side and rural areas on the other side;
- the population has been significantly growing in the border area in recent years.
Calculation of the transport permeability index puts CBPT supply and demand in relation to one another. The higher the index, the better is the match between supply and demand, and vice versa. Border sections with a particularly low index may be those with the highest demand for additional CBPT. The analysis of permeability highlights:
- high permeability for border sections in the Alps and maritime borders such as between Germany and Denmark, Denmark and Sweden, and Italy and France;
- that despite the generally high permeability between Benelux countries, France and Germany, and Germany and Switzerland, there are sections that would benefit from additional services;
- there is generally low permeability for longer border area in Scandinavia, the Baltic States, East European countries, the Pyrenees and the Portuguese-Spanish border;
- some of these non-permeable border sections have no specific demand for CBPT as a lack of services coincides with a lack of demand.
However, if services were increased where latent demand was identified, the proportion of non-permeable borders could be significantly reduced.
Further results on obstacles and solutions to CBPT and governance arrangements will be shared soon.
- Oznake
- transport
Komentarji
Dear Ms. Zillmer!
Regarding the research, I would like to ask if the border area is marked on the map in the 25 km strip of the border. I would like to know on what basis the band was determined, and whether it appears in some regulatory environment?
In the communication "Border permeability in relation to cross-border public transport services and demand", was the permeability of the borders examined based on the public transport services provided exclusively on this lane, or were all public transport services that cross the border taken into account? For example: do public services that are outside the border strip, but intersect the border strip without stopping, also appear in the calculation?
Thank you in advance for your respectful reply!
Tisztelt Zillmer Asszony!
A kutatással kapcsolatban szeretném megkérdezni, hogy a határmenti térséget a határ 25 km-es sávjában jelöli meg a térkép. Érdeklődni szeretnék, hogy mi alapján történt a sáv meghatározása, illetve valamilyen szabályozási környezetben ez megjelenik-e?
A határok áteresztőképessége a határokon átnyúló tömegközlekedési szolgáltatások és kereslet tekintetében című közleményben a határok áteresztőképességét a kizárólag ezen sávon megvalósuló közlekedési közszolgáltatások alapján vizsgálták, vagy figyelembe vettek minden, a határt metsző közlekedési közszolgáltatást? Pl: a határsávon kívül eső, de a határsávot megállás nélkül metsző közszolgáltatások is megjelennek a számításban?
Megtisztelő válaszát előre is köszönöm!
In reply to Dear Ms. Zillmer! Regarding… by Feketéné Benkó Kata
Dear Kata Feketéne Benkó,
Thank you very much for your interest in our study - good to see, it is used. I try to answer your questions:
- Determination of the 25km buffer around the border: This is not defined legally but was determined in a way ensuring a delineation that is also perceived as 'border region' by inhabitants. It also followed a previous example of a DG Regio study on road accessibility in border regions, which applied the same delineation approach. If you are interested in more details of this buffer definition, I recommend the study's final report pp.25: Final Report: Public transport services in cross-border regions
- Calculation of permeability: I can only answer how we calculated the permeability in our study (not sure you are referring to this). We did not make calculations per line but by border segment (each intersection with NUTS 3 borders divides the national border into segments). For each segment only those public services were considered in the calculation that are fulfil the requirements of a cross-border public transport. For this definition, please see the same pages of the final report as above and for more specific information of the caculation of the permeability (bringing together demand for and supply of cross-border public transport), see Section 7.6 (Annex) in the same report.
I hope this reading helps to clarify above questions!