One of the findings of the Cross-Border Data Collection Project is that, in almost all participating countries, the number of incoming cross-border workers increased between 2019 and 2023.
Most countries were able to provide data for the full five-year period, allowing us to analyse trends over time. While some countries could only provide shorter time series due to the availability of administrative data, many also supplied data for 2024 or confirmed that these data will become available during 2026.
The results show a clear upward trend:
🔹Slovenia recorded the highest relative increase, with around 50% more incoming cross-border workers in 2023 than in 2019.
🔹France followed with an increase of almost 30%.
🔹 In absolute terms, Switzerland experienced the largest growth, with almost 40,000 additional incoming cross-border workers over the same period.
These findings illustrate the growing importance of cross-border labour mobility across Europe and underline the need for reliable and comparable statistics to monitor these developments.
Another encouraging outcome of the project concerns timeliness. Many participating countries are already able to provide 2024 data in 2026. For the remaining countries, similar production schedules are expected. This suggests that European statistics on cross-border workers based on administrative data could be produced with a delay of less than two years after the reference year, which is a reasonable timeframe for statistics based on multiple administrative data sources.
The project demonstrates that regular and harmonised production of cross-border worker statistics is not only feasible but also capable of providing timely evidence to support labour market policies and cross-border cooperation across Europe.
📩 For more information on the project, please contact: crossborderdata@cbs.nl
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- cross-border mobility
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